571 - Data Acquisition and Translation into Actionable Information During Neonatal Resuscitation in the Delivery Room: Results of the 2025 NASA-CAPE Workshop

Publication Number: 3552.571

Louis Halamek, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Ken Catchpole, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States

Background: Data acquisition, interpretation and translation into actionable information during neonatal resuscitation is critical to optimal human performance. How that data is displayed influences the success or failure of resuscitation. Optimizing data display can positively influence team performance and patient outcome.

Objective: We assembled a group of experts in neonatal resuscitation and human factors to 1) identify data sources and display methods both currently in use and planned for the future, 2) determine weaknesses in the current system, and 3) develop strategies to overcome those weaknesses.

Design/Methods: A full-day invitation-only workshop was conducted at the Center for Advanced Pediatric and Perinatal Education (CAPE) at Stanford University. This consisted of review of recorded resuscitations of simulated and real neonatal patients, discussion of current limitations to data display, and development of recommendations for alternative solutions.

Results: The workshop produced the following results:
• a comprehensive list of data currently available (patient physiology, device settings) and data anticipated to become available in the near future
• characterization of the human factors challenges inherent in acquiring, interpreting and translating data
• novel 1) methods for displaying data in a prioritized manner (e.g., the “dark cockpit”) and 2) techniques (visual, auditory, tactile) for notifying teams when data is trending toward the limits or has deviated outside of the acceptable range
• a series of 13 Need Statements (based on Stanford Biodesign Program format) to drive additional research and development.

Conclusion(s): The analysis resulting from this workshop indicates that current data display during neonatal resuscitation may actually impair human performance. Research in aviation and aerospace indicates that: 1) Analog displays are more easily recognized and interpreted than numerical displays. 2) The ability of graphical displays to indicate important trends provides important context and aids decision making. 3) Visual alarms consisting of flashing outlines around data that is changing are more easily recognized than a number displayed at a steady intensity. Incorporation of these insights into data display during neonatal resuscitation may enhance situation awareness by reducing cognitive load and leading to more rapid and accurate decision-making. This is especially important given the fact that more and more data, such as that from respiratory function monitors, will soon become standard of care during neonatal resuscitation.